Introduction Abarelix, sold under the brand name Plenaxis, is a synthetic decapeptide and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist which are a class of medications that inhibit the hormone fro
Introduction In 1979, GOLDSTEIN et al. extracted an opioid-active 17 peptide from the pituitary of pigs and named it dynorphin. Dynorphin, as one of the endogenous opioid peptides, is also an importan
Introduction Eledoisin is an undecapeptite of mollusk origin, which was first separated from posterior salivary glands of two mollusk species Eledone muschata and Eledone belonging to the octopod orde
Introduction Antazoline is a drug used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), and its formula is C17H19N3. In fact, the cornerstone of AF therapy is a long-term antithrombotic treatment followe
Introduction Angiotensin Ⅱ is a kind of peptides generally produced by the hydrolysis of the angiotensin Ⅰ under the angiotensin converting enzyme. In human body, it is located in the vascular smooth
Introduction Delmitide, also known as RDP58, is a novel D-amino acid decapeptide with anti-inflammatory effect. RDP58 is a ten D-amino acid peptide with the sequence of 2HN-r-nle-nle-nle-r-nle-nle-nle
Introduction Afamelanotide, a drug for tanning skin, is a synthetic peptide and analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone. Indeed, Afamelanotide is the International Nonproprietary Name. Besides, t
Introduction Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoactive peptide containing 21 amino acids, which was first isolated from the cultured porcine aortic endothelial cell fluid by Yanagisswa et al at 1988. At pre
Introduction Corticotropin (ACTH or adrenocorticotropic hormone) is a linear coupling of 39 amino acid residues and an important member of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The production and s
Introduction Dulaglutide, sold under the brand name Trulicity, is a GLP-1 receptor agonist which is a class of medications that play the same role as GLP-1 by binding to its receptor, and can have the
Introduction Ecallantide, sold under the trade name Kalbitor, is a plasma kallikrein inhibitor, consisting of sixty amino acids. Kallikrein is a protease which is responsible for releasing bradykinin
Introduction Elcatonin acetate, a physicochemically and biologically stable synthetic derivative of calcitonin transformed from eel's calcitonin by changing the S-S bond into the stable C-N bond, is c
Introduction Enfuvirtide, also named pentafuside, is an HIV fusion inhibitor originated at Duke University, where researchers formed a pharmaceutical company known as Trimeris. It was approved by U.S.
Introduction Gonadorelin acetate, a synthetic decapeptide with sequence Glp-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is synthesized and secreted from
Introduction Histrelin acetate, sold under many brand name like Vantas, Supprelin LA and others, is a nonapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with more potency than other available
Introduction Icatibant, sold under the trade name Firazyr, is a plasma kallikrein inhibitor and the bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, consisting of ten amino acids. Bradykinin is a vasoactive peptide
Introduction Developed by the German company Hoechst Marion Roussel and derived from genetic modification of hirudin, lepirudin is the most important and most commonly used recombinant hirudin. Hirudi
Introduction Leuprolide acetate, an acetate salt with similar structure to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) secreted by the hypothalamus, is a synthetic agonist analog of gonadotropin-rele
Introduction Peginesatide sold under the brand name Omontys, formerly Hematide, is a synthetic peptide consisting of two 21 amino acids chains linked to polyethylene glycol and an erythropoietic agent
Introduction Peptide YY is referred to as PYY. Its structure is highly homologous with pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), so it is considered to belong to the pancreatic polypeptide
