Peptide-Antibody Conjugation
* Please kindly note that our products and services can only be used to support research purposes (Not for clinical use).
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Peptide-antibody conjugation involves attaching a synthetic peptide to an antibody for use in various biological research and diagnostic applications. This method is used to generate specific and selective antibodies towards short peptide sequences. Creative Peptides can design and synthesize peptide-antibody conjugates according to customer needs, providing you with effective tools for scientific research and new drug discovery.
What are Peptide-Antibody Conjugates?
Peptides alone are usually not immunogenic, meaning they don't provoke an immune response. So, they need to be attached to a carrier protein (like an antibody) to make them capable of eliciting an immune response. Once this is accomplished, these peptide-antibody conjugates can be used to detect or purify specific proteins, amongst other uses.
Peptide-antibody conjugates a protein conjugate, or bioactive analogue, or fragment containing an antibody portion and a peptide in which the antibody is conjugated to the peptide at one or more of the following locations on the peptide: N-terminal amino acid residue; C-terminal amino acid residue; or lysine residue between the N-terminal and C-terminal. Peptide-Antibody Conjugation technology facilitates the delivery of conjugate aprotinin-derived peptides across the blood-brain barrier, and selectively binds to the target antibody portion within the CNS. The antibodies in Peptide-Antibody Conjugation use classic antibodies that target specific cancer cell targets (such as cetuximab that targets EGFR), and are designed so that the antibody and the peptide are connected by a peptide substrate recognized by a protease. Peptide-Antibody Conjugation can realize the release of peptides in tumor lesions expressing a specific mechanism metalloproteinase (MMP), which can further improve the accuracy of peptide delivery based on the guidance of antibodies.
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of peptide-antibody conjugate.
Advantages of Peptide-Antibody Conjugates
High Targeting and Specificity: Peptide-antibody conjugates combine the characteristics of both peptides and antibodies, and can specifically recognize and bind to the target antigens or receptors. This high degree of targeting enables the drugs to act on the lesion accurately, thus improving the therapeutic effect and reducing the side effects.
Enhance Drug Efficacy: By coupling peptides with specific biological activities with antibodies, peptide-antibody conjugates can give full play to the biological activities of peptides and enhance the therapeutic effect of drugs. This coupling mode enables the drug to play a more effective role after reaching the target site and improve the success rate of treatment.
Reduce Immunogenicity: Compared with traditional chemical drugs, the immunogenicity of peptide-antibody conjugates is usually lower. This means that they may cause less risk of immune response during use, which is helpful to reduce the adverse reactions of patients and improve the tolerance of treatment.
Flexibility and Customizability: The preparation process of peptide-antibody conjugate has high flexibility and customization. By selecting suitable peptides and antibodies and optimizing coupling conditions, peptide-antibody conjugates with different characteristics and functions can be prepared to meet the needs of different diseases treatment.
Long Circulation Time and Stability: The antibody itself has a long half-life, so the peptide-antibody conjugate usually has a long circulation time, which helps the drug to continue to play its role in the body. At the same time, the peptide-antibody conjugates that have been carefully designed and prepared usually have good stability and can maintain long-term activity in vivo.
Applications of Peptide-Antibody Conjugations
Peptide-antibody conjugations have a broad range of applications across biological and medical research. They are particularly useful in immunological experiments where antigens need to be detected or measured. Here are a few key applications:
Drug Delivery: When coupled with drugs or radioactive substances, these conjugations can serve as a delivery system to target specific cells or tissues in the body, as seen in targeted cancer therapies.
The development of antibody and peptide conjugates will offer a novel design of targeted therapeutic drug delivery systems that have specificity and potent therapeutic efficacy. LyP-1 is a tumor homing peptide with anticancer properties that has specific tumor penetrating properties that can also be used as a lymphatic targeting agent to prevent metastasis. Timur et al. reported a bispecific antibody-peptide complex (LyP-1-bsAbCx) for targeting and treatment of breast cancer in vitro studies. LyP-1 was used for targeting and conjugation to an antibody. LyP-1-bsAbCx specific for binding MDA-MB-231 cells may enable development of targeted polymer-drug-conjugate therapy. The fluorescent intensity of the cells treated with the two-step approach (pretargeting with LyP-1-bsAbCx and targeting with DSPL-RITC) shows internalization of conjugates. The results of pretargeting with LyP-1-bsAbCx and targeting with PDCs may result in the development of a novel peptide-antibody polymer-drug-conjugate drug-delivery system that is target specific with the potential to decreased off-target toxicity in cancer therapy.
Fig. 2 (A). MDA-MB-231 cells treated with DSPL-RITC alone as control (1 h). (B). MDA-MB-231 cell line treated with LyP-1-bsAbCx (30 min) + DSPL-RITC (1 h) in the 2nd step. (C). MDA-MB-231 cell line treated with LyP-1- bsAbCx (3 h) + DSPL-RITC (1 h) as the 2nd step. (a) Bright field (b) DAPI staining and (c) DSPL-RITC in all panels respectively. (Timur, S. S., 2017)
Therapeutic Peptides: Peptide-antibody conjugates are used in the development of therapeutic peptides. Peptide drugs have a wide range of treatments, but their short half-life limits their application. By conjugating with antibodies, the stability of peptides can be enhanced due to the long half-life of antibodies.
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulate glucose and energy homeostasis. Lu et al. reported an approach for treating obesity and its comorbidities by generating GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 bispecific molecules that target both pathways with GIP receptor (GIPR) antagonist antibody (GIPRAb) and GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist. In mice and monkeys, PK profiles and parameters indicated that test articles were remarkably stable in preclinical species, consistent with the slow clearance and long half-life typically observed for therapeutic mAbs. And these molecules reduce body weight (BW) and improve many metabolic parameters. BW loss is greater with GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 than with GIPR-Ab or a control antibody conjugate, suggesting synergistic effects. GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 also reduces the respiratory exchange ratio in DIO mice. Simultaneous receptor binding and rapid receptor internalization by GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 amplify endosomal cAMP production in recombinant cells expressing both receptors.
Fig. 3 GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 bispecific molecules showed extended pharmacokinetic profiles of GIPR-Ab/GLP-1. (Lu, S. C., 2021)
Immunoassays: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), and fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) all use peptide-antibody conjugations. These assays are often used to detect and quantify specific proteins or peptides in a sample, such as a blood serum, by using a specific antibody which recognizes the peptide.
Immunohistochemistry: This technique is used to identify the presence and location of proteins in tissue sections. The antibody-peptide conjugate binds specifically to the target protein in the tissue, and can be detected by a variety of methods.
Vaccine Development: Peptide-antibody conjugates can be used in developing vaccines. This is because they can stimulate an immune response against a specific antigen without the need for a live agent. The conjugation of peptides to carriers can increase immunogenicity.
Western Blotting: This is a technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample. The protein is typically extracted from cells or tissue, separated by gel electrophoresis, and transferred to a membrane. The peptide-antibody conjugate is used as a probe to identify the protein of interest.
Proteomics: Peptide-antibody conjugates can be used to selectively enrich specific peptides from a complex mixture, enabling more sensitive detection in proteomics studies.
Our Services
- Peptide coupled monoclonal antibody related to tumor therapy
- Different types of peptide-antibody conjugates
- Development of new peptide-antibody conjugation
- Customized peptide-antibody conjugation
The following are some specific service contents:
Custom design and development: Design and develop customized peptide-antibody conjugates according to the specific needs of customers. Combined with advanced bioinformatics and computer simulation technology, the biological characteristics of conjugates were predicted and optimized.
Screening and optimization of peptides and antibodies: Provide high-quality peptide and antibody libraries for screening candidate molecules with specific affinity and specificity. Through structural biology and molecular simulation, the binding interface between peptide and antibody was optimized to improve the stability and curative effect of conjugate.
Coupling technology: Advanced chemical coupling technology is adopted to ensure the stable connection between peptide and antibody. The coupling reaction conditions were developed and optimized to retain the biological activity of the conjugate to the maximum extent.
Quality control and safety evaluation: Strict quality control process ensures the purity, stability and batch consistency of the conjugate. The safety of the conjugate was comprehensively evaluated by cytotoxicity test, immunogenicity evaluation and pharmacokinetic study.
Development and optimization of production process: Provide production process development and optimization services for the large-scale production of conjugates. Combined with advanced bioengineering technology, the conjugate can be produced efficiently and stably.
Technical support and training: Provide technical support related to conjugates, including experimental design, data analysis and interpretation of results. Provide training services to customers to improve their professional skills in the field of peptide-antibody conjugates.
Why Creative Peptides?
- Fully traceable documentation system
- Possessing the research and development technology of long-acting peptide drug formulations
- Perfect professional team for innovative drug development
- Innovative products
- High quality service
- Product quality is stable and reliable
- Low sales price
FAQ
1. How does the peptide-antibody conjugation work?
A linker molecule is used to covalently bond the peptide and the antibody together. This process ensures that the targeting capabilities of the antibody are combined with the biological activities of the peptide.
2. What are the applications of peptide-antibody conjugation?
Peptide-antibody conjugates are often used in scientific research, particularly in fields like immunology, neuroscience, and cancer research. They can be used for detecting and quantifying specific proteins or cells, and therapeutically by delivering peptides to specific cells in the body.
3. What information do I need to provide for a custom peptide-antibody conjugation service?
Please provide us with detailed information about your peptide and antibody, including sequences, concentrations, volumes, and desired conjugation ratio. Also, note any specific requirements for your project, be it for immunoassay development, antibody drug conjugate development, or other applications.
4. How long does the peptide-antibody conjugation service take?
The timeframe can vary depending on the complexity of the project. Generally, custom peptide-antibody conjugation service takes about 2-4 weeks from receipt of your peptide and antibody.
5. What quality control measures do you employ?
We employ stringent quality control measures to ensure the high-quality and efficacy of our products. This includes purity checks, identification, concentration assessments, and functional tests, among others.
6. What is the stability and storage condition of the conjugates?
Most peptide-antibody conjugates should be stored at -20 °C and are stable for at least one year under proper storage conditions. However, the exact conditions may vary depending on the specific conjugate.
References
- Millar, D. G., et al. Antibody-mediated delivery of viral epitopes to tumors harnesses CMV-specific T cells for cancer therapy. Nature Biotechnology. 2020: 1-6.
- Timur, S. S., et al. Design and in vitro evaluation of bispecific complexes and drug conjugates of anticancer peptide, LyP-1 in human breast cancer. Pharmaceutical Research. 2017, 34: 352-364.
- Lu, S. C., et al. GIPR antagonist antibodies conjugated to GLP-1 peptide are bispecific molecules that decrease weight in obese mice and monkeys. Cell Reports Medicine. 2021, 2(5): 100263.
