Cell Adhesion Peptides

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Introduction

A large amount of glycoprotein is present in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the living organism. Most ECM glycoproteins play an important role in the process of cell adhesion. These glycoproteins are called cell adhesion peptides. Cell adhesion peptides are molecules produced by cells that are present on the cell surface, mediating cell-to-cell or cell-matrix contact and binding. Many of them contain a highly conserved amino acid sequence, Agr-lGy-AsP (RGD), which is recognized by and specifically bound by the receptor integrin of the cell membrane. Cell adhesion peptides cause adhesion between cells and cells, between cells and matrix. They are involved in cell recognition, activation and signaling, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell stretching and movement. They are the molecular basis of a series of important physiological and pathological processes, such as immune response, inflammation, coagulation, tumor metastasis, and wound healing.

Mechanism of action

Cell adhesion peptides function in the form of receptor-ligand binding. They are recognized by the integrins on the cell membrane and participate in the adhesion between the cells and the matrix. It has been reported that the cell adhesion peptide RGD can inhibit the growth and proliferation of Human stomach cancer (BGC823) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The mechanism by which RGD induces apoptosis in BGC823 cells may trigger this pathway by inhibiting the expression of the inhibitory protein Survivin. Therefore, the cell adhesion peptide can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis. RGD has a highly conserved property in mediating apoptosis.

Application of Cell adhesion peptides

Cell adhesion peptides are widely distributed in different evolutionary levels of organisms. Even in the same organism, they are widely distributed in the extracellular matrix of various tissues and various components of blood, and even on the cell surface. Therefore, Cell adhesion peptides are expected to be new agents for the treatment of some important diseases. The adhesion of this type of peptide has also become a new target for drug discovery.

Reference

1. Ivaska, J., Heino, J. (2000). Adhesion receptors and cell invasion: mechanisms of integrin-guided degradation of extracellular matrix. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 57 (1): 16-24.